פני, פָּנָה (b. h.) 1) to turn (one’s face). Yoma 17ᵇ, a. e. שאתה פוֹנֶה, v. פִּינָּה. Y. Ab. Zar. III, 42ᵇ sq. (ref. to Lev. XIX, 4) אל תִּפְנֶה לעובדן do not turn thy face to them to worship them; אל תפנה לראותן ממש it is meant literally, do not turn thy face to look at them; Sifra K’dosh. beg. אל תפנה לראותם וַדַּיי. Ib. תחלתם אלילים הם אם פּוֹנֶה את אחריהן וכ׳ at first they are ‘nothings’, but if thou turnest after them, thou wilt make them (thy) gods; Yalk. Lev. 604. Ib.; Sabb. 149ᵃ (ref. to Lev. l. c.) אל תִּפְנוּ אֶל מדעתכם turn not to the creation of your fancy (Rashi; anoth. interpret., v. infra); a. v. fr. —2) to turn around, go away. Lam. R. to I, 1 כיון ששתה ופ׳ לילך (מעשה) רבתי when he had drunk and turned to go away. Gen. R. s. 68 יצא משם פ׳ זיוה פ׳ הדרה when he (the righteous) goes away from a place, its splendor is gone, its glory is gone; Ruth R. to I, 7. Sifra K’dosh., ch. VIII, Par. 4, a. e. (ref. to ונתתי את פני, Lev. XX, 6; cmp. פְּנַאי) פּוֹנֶה אני מכל וכ׳, v. עֵסֶק. Midr. Prov. to XVI, 11 לִפְנוֹת היום when the day was going away (towards evening); a. v. fr. —3) (act. verb) to turn, pervert. Cant. R. to VII, 9 (play on אח̇ש̇ד̇רפ̇נ̇יא, Dan. III, 2) אלו ארכונות שהן נש̇ח̇ד̇ין ופ̇וני̇ן דין וכ׳ (not נחשדין) those are the officers that are bribed and turn justice in any direction; ib. שמה̇ד̇ר̇ין פ̇נ̇ים ופ̇ונ̇ין דין who respect persons and pervert justice; a. fr. —4) to turn aside, go out, (euphem.) to ease one’s self. Y. Sot. I, 16ᵈ אם יִפְנֶה אחד מהן לצורכו if one of them goes out for a human need. Toh. X, 2 ופוֹנִים (Ber. 62ᵃ ונִפְנִין, Nif.). —5) to vacate (v. infra); to free, release. Pesik. R. s. 42 הספינה … ולא תטריח עליה לִפְנוֹתָהּ (not הטריח) thy friend’s ship has been seized (for public service), and wilt thou not take pains to release it? ועכשיו של אחרים הוא פוֹנֶה ושלו אינה נפנית and now he releases other men’s ships, and shall not his be released.?—Part. pass. פָּנוּי; f. פְּנוּיָה vacant, empty, free. Ber. 43ᵃ אין בית הבליעה פ׳ his œsophagus is not free (which makes speaking dangerous). Y. Kil. III, beg. 28ᶜ אי אפשר … נקב אחד פ׳ וכ׳ it is not possible that there should not be one cavity free for planting &c.; Y. Sabb. IX, 11ᵈ bot. אפשר … פניי (corr. acc.). Num. R. s. 14 והיה הבית פ׳ and the house was empty (none at home); a. fr.—V. פָּנוּי.
    Pi. - פִּינָּה 1) to empty, remove, transfer. Sabb. III, 5 המיחם שפִּינָּהוּ וכ׳ in the kettle which one has emptied (or: which one has removed from the oven) &c.; ib. 41ᵃ המיחם שפ׳ ממנו מים וכ׳ in the kettle out of which one has removed the hot water. Ib. XVIII, 1 מְפַנִּין אפי׳ וכ׳ you may clear away (on the Sabbath) even four or five piles … to make room for guests. Y. Gitt. VIII, 49ᵈ top אם … איש מְפַנֶּה if the court belongs to the wife, the husband (after divorce) must vacate it, ושל איש אשה מְפַנָּה and if it belongs to the husband, the wife must vacate it; מי מפנה מפני מי which of them must vacate it for the other? Taan. 21ᵃ בקשו תלמידיו לפַנּוֹת את וכ׳ his disciples wanted to move his bed first and then his furniture; פַּנּוּ את הכלים וכ׳ move the furniture first. Ab. III, 4 מפנה לבו לבטלה empties his heart (of serious thoughts to make room) for frivolous subjects. Sabb. 149ᵃ (ref. to Lev. XIX, 4, v. supra) אל תְּפַנוּ אֵל מדעתכם do not remove God from your minds (to make room for idols). B. Kam. 81ᵇ מְפַנֵּיהוּ לשדה וכ׳ he must remove the corpse to &c. Y. Maasr. II, 49ᵈ רוצה אדם לפנות עסקיו וכ׳ (ed. Krot. רוצה הוא אדם לפנע; ed. Zyt. לפלה, corr. acc.) a man is anxious to dispose of his goods in the first place he strikes &c.; a. fr. —2) to free, acquit. Tanḥ. Vayikra 6 פ׳ לקרתני ולבן פלטרין וכ׳ he acquitted the commoner, but convicted the courtier. Ib. לקרתני פִּנִּיתִי וכ׳ I acquitted the commoner, because he knows not the royal customs; a. fr.
    Nif. - נִפְנֶה 1) to turn. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 5 נִפְנֵיתִי לכאן וכ׳ I turned in all directions, and there is no redeemer but thee; Yalk. Sam. 157; a. e. —2) to be removed, to die. Gen. R. s. 98 שהיה נ׳ מן העולם who was going to die. Tosef. Par. III (II), 8 נ׳ בני my son is dead (v. infra); a. e. —3) to be free, at leisure. Ib. לכשאֶפָּנֶה לך when I shall have leisure for thee, i.e. I shall take revenge on thee, when opportunity offers; אמר לו כשתִּפָּנֶה said he to him, when thou shalt be at leisure (or when thou shalt be dead, v. supra); ib. (Vers. of R. S. to Par. III, 8) לא נ׳ בני שהעריב שמשו my son has found no leisure (to take revenge), for his sun has set (he is dead). Ab. II, 4 אל תאמר לכשאפנה אשנה שמא לא תפנה say not, when I shall be at leisure, I will study; may be thou wilt never find leisure; a. fr. —4) to ease one’s self. Sabb. 82ᵃ הנצרך לִפָּנוֹת ואינו נפנה (Alf. להִפָּנוֹת) he who feels the want of easing himself, and is not relieved; ib. הנצרך ליפנות ואינו יכול ליפנות. Ber. 62ᵃ ונִפְנִין, v. supra; a. fr. —5) to be released. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra.
    Hif. - הִפְנָה to vacate. —Part. pass. מוּפְנֶה a) free, disengaged, single. Yeb. III, 5 שלשה אחין … ואחד מ׳ three brothers two of whom were married to two sisters, and one is free (unmarried or married to one who is a stranger to his brothers’ wives); Y. ib. III, 4ᵈ top; a. e.—b) (dialectical exegesis) free for interpretation, unnecessary for the plain sense or context. Nidd. 22ᵇ וייצר מ׳ משני צדדין מ׳ … ומ׳ גבי בהמה vayitser is free for interpretation on both sides, it is free with regard to man (Gen. II, 7, because man’s creation is mentioned in ויברא, ib. I, 27), and free with regard to beasts (ib. II, 19, their creation being stated in ויעש, ib. I, 25). Ib. כל גזירה שוה שאינה מוּפְנָה כל עיקר וכ׳ analogous words which are not entirely free (in both texts) cannot be made the basis for interpretation as g’zerah shavah (v. גְּזֵרָה). Ib. מ׳ מצד אחד free in one of the texts; Sabb. 64ᵃ; a. fr.
    Hithpa. - הִתְפַּנָּה 1) to be vacated, cleared, removed. Y. Naz. IX, 57ᵈ bot. כל הקברות מִתְפַּנִּין וכ׳ all graves may be vacated (transferred), except &c.; Treat. S’maḥ. ch. XIV. —2) to be released. Pesik. R. l. c. כדי הוא (ש)תִּיתְפִּנֶּה he deserves it to have his ship released (ed. Prag כדי הוא שיִתְפַּנֶּה he deserves to be released).