שָׁמַט (b. h.; cmp. מוּט) to slip; (act. verb) to loosen, detach; to carry off, steal. Num. R. s. 420 (ref. to II Sam. VI, 6) למה שָׁמְטוּ why did they slip (turn off)? M. Kat. 24ᵃ שמטו חזירים וכ׳ swine dragged his body off. Y. Ber. III, 5ᵈ bot., a. e. שׁוֹמֵט וכ׳, v. קְלִבִּנְטִירִין. Ib. מטה … שׁוֹמְטָן ודיו in the case of a bed the poles of which are movable, one (in mourning) detaches them, and that is sufficient; Y. Ned. VII, end, 40ᶜ שומטו (corr. acc.). B. Mets. 104ᵃ שׁוֹמְטוֹ מעל גבי בניו he may take it (the pledge) from the back of his (the debtor’s) sons. Ex. R. s. 43 והם שׁוֹמְטִים וכ׳, v. טֶטְרָאמוּלִי. Y. Keth. V, 30ᵇ היתה שׁוֹמֶטֶת עצמה וכ׳ she slipped away from under him; Sot. 9ᵇ נִשְׁמְטָה (Nif.). Gen. R. s. 14 שׁוֹמְטָהּ, v. צָרַר I. Pesik. R. s. 20 נִשְׁמוֹט אותה let us abandon her (that she may not find her way home); מיד שְׁמָטוּהָ (not שמוטה) and so they abandoned her. Lev. R. s. 34 יִשְׁמוֹט, v. חָלַץ. Gen. R. s. 20 שומט גידין וכ׳ it (the serpent) draws out fibres (v. גִּיד) and eats them. Midr. Till. to Ps. CXIV (ref. to Deut. IV, 34 גוי מקרב גוי) כאדם ששומט את העובר וכ׳ as a man draws an embryo out of its mother’s womb. Ib. למדנו צער לנִשְׁמָט לשומט מנין we learn here that there was pain for the body drawn out (Israel), whence do we learn that it was painful for him that drew out (for the Lord who redeemed them)?; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁמוּט; f. שְׁמוּטָה. Ḥull. 54ᵃ ש׳ ושחוטה וכ׳ if the trachea was found detached, yet cut through, the animal is kasher; שא"א לש׳ וכ׳ for it is impossible that a loose trachea should be cut through (therefore the detachment must have taken place after the ritual cutting). Ib. 57ᵃ, a. e. שְׁמוּטַת ורך an animal with a dislocated thigh-bone; שמוטת וד with a dislocated foreleg; a. e.—V. שָׁמוּט.
Nif. - נִשְׁמַט to be detached, slip away. Midr. Till. l. c., v. supra. Sot. l. c., v. supra. Num. R. s. 18 הר חורב שעליו נִשִׁמְטָה החרב וכ׳ it is named mount Horeb, because on it the sword (of judgment) was unsheathed (for crimes); (Yalk. ib. 684 נמשכה; Yalk. Ps. 796 נמתחה). Macc. II, 1, v. קַתְּ. Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 (expl. שרוע, Lev. XXI, 18) שנשמטה יריכו (Rabad שנשתרבבה) whose hip is dislocated. Cant. R. to V, 16 (ממנו) נשמטה נפשו his soul slipped away (from him), he fainted; a. fr.—[Tosef. ‘Uktsin I, 2 (Tbul Yom III) נשמטין, read with ed. Zuck. נִכְסָסִין.]
Pi. - שִׁמֵּט 1) to loosen, pluck, esp. to thin a thicket of reeds. Tosef. Shebi. I, 7; Y. ib. II, 33ᵈ top מְשַׁמְּטִין בקנים you may thin reeds (in the Sabbatical year); מקום … ולְשַׁמֵּט וכ׳ where it is customary to clear vines and to thin reeds before &c.; a. e. —2) to drag forth. Pesik. R. s. 17 ומְשַׁמְּטִים הבכורות מבין וכ׳ and the dogs dragged the dead bodies of the first-born out of the burial caves; Yalk. Ex. 186; a. e. —3) (v. שְׁמִטָּה) to cause release from debt; to cause cessation of field labor; (neut. verb) to come under the law of limitation of the Sabbatical year; (of the ground) to rest. Shebi. X, 1 שביעית מְשַׁמֶּטֶת את המלוה וכ׳ the Sabbatical year causes cancellation of (cash) debts, whether verbal or written; הקפת … אינה משמטת, v. הַקָּפָה; שכר שכיר אינו מְשַׁמֵּט a hired man’s wages do not come under the law of sh’miṭṭah; ib. 2 המוסר … אינן משמטין (not אינו) if one hands his notes over to the court, they are not subject to the law of limitation; ib. האונס … וכל מעשה ב"ד אינן משמטין fines for outrage …, and all obligations arising from legal procedures do not come under the law &c.; ib. 3, v. פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל; [Y. ed. מַשְׁמִיט, מַשְׁמִיטִין &c. Hif. interch. with Pi.]. Sifra B’ḥuck., Par. 2, ch. VII אני אמרתי … ומשמטים לי אחת וכ׳ I have told you that you may sow six years, and let the ground rest for me one year, that you may know &c.; עמדו וגלו והיא תְשַׁמֵּט מאליה כל שמיטים וכ׳ go ye and be carried into exile, and it (the land) will rest of itself (making up for) all the Sabbatical years &c.; Yalk. Lev. 675 והיא תַשְׁמִיט מאיליה עד שתרצה לפני כל שמיטין וכ׳. Ab. d’R. N. ch. XXXVIII הואיל ואין אתם משמיטין אותה היא תְשַׁמֵּט אתכם (ed. Schechter ואי אתם משמטים את הארץ) because you do not let the earth rest, she will abandon you; ומספר ירחים שאי אתם משמיטין אותה היא תשמט מאליה (ed. Schechter שאין אתם משמטים) and according to the number of months that you fail to let her rest, she will rest of herself. Gitt. 36ᵃ בזמן שאתה משמט … משמט כספים when thou art bound to let the ground rest, thou art bound to cancel debts; a. fr.—Snh. 97ᵃ כשם שהשביעית משמטת … כך העולם משמט וכ׳ as the Sabbatical year causes cessation of field work once every seven years, so shall the world rest (be waste) one millennium in every seven millenniums. —4) to remit a debt. Gitt. 37ᵇ המחזיר חוב … יאמר לו משמט אני וכ׳ if a person pays a debt in the Sabbatical year, he (the creditor) must say, ‘I remit’ (and have no claim): but if he (the debtor) says, ‘nevertheless’, he may accept; Sabb. 148ᵇ; Sifré Deut. 112; a. e. —5) to abandon, send away. Ab. d’R. N. l. c., v. supra.
Hif. - הִשְׁמִיט same, v. supra.
Hithpa. - הִשְׁתַּמֵּט to slide, fall off. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVIII, 11 מִשְׁתַּמְּטוֹת, v. טֶלֶף.
