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שם:
קני ² קני ², קני, קָנָה (b. h.) [to establish,] 1) (cmp. קום, Gen. XXIII, 17) to create; to acquire, own; to take possession. R. Hash. 31ᵃ (ref. to Ps. XXIV recited in the Temple on the first day of the week) על שם שק׳ והקנה וכ׳ because he (the Lord in establishing the world) took possession and gave (his creatures) possession (invested them with a fief), and became the sovereign of the world. Kidd. I, 1 האשה קוֹנָה את עצמה וכ׳ a wife acquires herself (becomes independent) when she receives her divorce &c. Ib. 20ᵃ כל הקוֹנֶה … כקונה וכ׳ whoever buys a Hebrew bondman creates, as it were, a master over himself. B. Mets. 75ᵇ הקונה אדון לעצמו he who creates a master over himself, expl. תולה נכסיו בנכרי who (in order to evade obligations) hangs his property on a gentile (pretends to be merely the agent of a gentile); (another explan.) הכותב נכסיו וכ׳ who transfers his property to his children during his lifetime. Gitt. 37ᵇ sq. (ref. to Lev. XXV, 45) אתם קוֹנִים וכ׳ you may buy (as a slave) one of them, but they cannot buy one of you, nor can they buy of one another. Ib. יכול לא יִקְנוּ זה את זה למעשה ידיו you may think, they cannot buy one another for the work (as long as the serf choses to be in the master’s power); ולא הם קוֹנִים … לגופו they cannot buy of one another a bodily slave (who requires formal manumission to be a freeman). B. Mets. 46ᵇ bot. מכור לי באלו ק׳ if one says, sell me (a certain object) for these (coins which I hold in my hand), he has bought (the sale is valid). Ib. IV, 1 הזהב קונה וכ׳, v. זָהָב. Ib. מעות הרעות קוֹנוֹת וכ׳ the delivery of cancelled coins effects the purchase of the valid coins. Ib. 47ᵇ מעות קונות the delivery of the purchasing money gives possession (no formal possession of the purchased object (מְשִׁיכָה) being required). Kidd. 22ᵇ הגבהה קונה lifting up the purchased object makes the sale binding; a. v. fr. —2) to make sure; to obligate a person by a special symbolical act (קִנְיָן); to enter into an obligation by a special symbolical form. Gitt. 51ᵃ בשקָנוּ מידו when they (the court, witnesses &c.) made him obligate himself (that his widow should receive support from his estate); בשקנו לזו ולא קנו לזו when such an obligation was entered with reference to this (his wife’s case), but not with reference to that (his daughter’s case). B. Mets. 47ᵃ במה קונין … בכליו של קונה wherewith is the bargain made sure?… By handing over one of the garments (or any object) belonging to the purchaser; דניחא ליה לקונה דליהוי מקנה קונה וכ׳ for the purchaser likes the seller to obligate himself, in order that he may be sure to give him possession; a. fr.—Ib. 48ᵇ when he said to him, ערבוני יָקוּן (fr. קון = קנה) my earnest money shall serve to make the purchase sure.—Part. pass. קָנוּי; f. קְנוּיָה; pl. קְנוּיִים, קְנוּיִין; קְנוּיוֹת. Kidd. 16ᵃ עבד עברי גופו ק׳ והרב וכ׳ a Hebrew bondman is owned bodily (to the end of his term), and if the master allowed him a reduction of his time, his allowance is not legally binding (the slave not being able to acquire himself); ib. 28ᵃ; B. Kam. 113ᵇ. Gen. R. s. 86 (ref. to Gen. XXXIX, 1) הקנויין קונין וכל וכ׳ as a rule those who are owned make themselves owners (slaves enrich themselves by robbing their master), and all slaves cause decrease to their master’s house, but in this case ‘the Lord blessed &c.’ (ib. 5); Yalk. ib. 145 הקונין קונין (corr. acc.); a. fr.—Tosef. Ned. IV, 6 קונם … שאני קנוי the axe of which I am possessed be forbidden (v. קוֹנָם), i.e. I swear that I have no axe; Ned. 35ᵃ (Rashi שאינו ק׳ I swear that another axe is not owned by me).—[Y. Peah IV, 18ᵇ השעה קנויה, read: פְּנוּיָה, v. פָּנוּי.] באדיבות אתר ספריא
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