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שם:
שָׁבַת שָׁבַת (b. h.) 1) to rest, cease; esp. to observe the Sabbath, Lam. R. to V, 14 (expl. מנגינתם, ib.) מזמריהון שָׁבְתוּ they ceased from their songs. Ib. to I, 7 (ref. to משבתיה, ib.) זה … שש׳ מתוכה this refers to R. J. b. Z. who ceased from staying within her (who left Jerusalem during the siege). Snh. 58ᵇ נכרי שש׳ וכ׳ a gentile that rests from work (on any day) deserves death. Y. Ber. IV, 7ᶜ bot. כבר ש׳ וכ׳ R. Ḥ. has already begun the Sabbath observance in his town. Y. Sabb. XV, 15ᵃ bot. שבת לה׳ שְׁבוֹת כה׳ מה הקב"ה ש׳ ממאמר אף את שבות ממאמר ‘a Sabbath unto the Lord’ (Ex. XX, 10), rest like the Lord, as God rested from speech, so do thou rest from speech (planning work). Ned. III, 10 הנודר משׁוֹבְתֵי שבת וכ׳ he who forswears benefit at the hands of those who rest on the Sabbath, is forbidden to receive benefits from Jews and from Samaritans; a. fr.—Pes. 54ᵃ אור שש׳ a light which burned during the entire Sabbath (having been kindled on the Sabbath eve). Men. 21ᵃ (ref. to תשבית, Lev. II, 13) מלח שאינה שׁוֹבֶתֶת וכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. שובתה) a kind of salt which has no Sabbath (is generated at all times), which is Sodom salt (v. מֶלַח). —2) to stay over the Sabbath; (of scholars) to deliver the Sabbath lecture. Peah VIII, 7 ש׳ נותנין לו מזון וכ׳ where the transient poor makes his Sabbath station, you must give him food for three meals; Sabb. 118ᵃ; B. Bath. 9ᵃ. Mekh. Bo, s. 16 כבר שָׂבְתוּ … ולא ש׳ וכ׳ once the disciples made their Sabbath station at Jabneh, but R. J. did not stay there. Ib. ומי ש׳ שם and who lectured there?; אפשר שש׳ ר׳ וכ׳ is it possible that R. El. b. Az. lectured without sayîng something novel?; Y. Ḥag. I, beg. 75ᵈ; Y. Sot. III, 18ᵈ bot.; a. fr. —3) (v. שְׁבִיתָה) to appoint a Sabbath camp as the center for Sabbath movements. Pes. III, 7 (49ᵃ) ההולך … לִשְׁבּוֹת שביתת הרשות if a person goes away from home … in order to transfer his Sabbath camp for some secular (social) purpose. Erub. 51ᵃ לשׁוֹבְתֵי שבת for those who appoint a Sabbath camp (when on the road near the beginning of the Sabbath), v. פֵּאָה; a. fr.—Part. pass. שָׁבוּת allowed to rest, abandoned. Sifra B’har, Par. 1, ch. I (ref. to שבת הארץ, Lev. XXV, 6) מן הש׳ בארץ … מן השמור thou mayest (in the Sabbatical year) eat of what is abandoned in the earth (that which grows without special cultivation, manuring &c.), but not of what is watched in the earth (of a field more than ordinarily ploughed); Yalk. Lev. 659. באדיבות אתר ספריא
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