עשי, עָשָׂה (b. h.; cmp. עסי) 1) to do, work, prepare (corresp. in variety of meanings to עֲבַד). Shebi. VIII, 6 אין עוֹשִׂין זתים וכ׳ (in the Sabbatical year) you must not prepare (press, cmp. עֲסֵי) olives in the press &c. Tosef. ib. VI, 29 אין עושין אותן גרוגרות you must not prepare them as dried figs. Ib. 8 אין עושין את היין וכ׳ you must not make ăluntith wine (v. אֲלוּנְטִית II). Sabb. 118ᵃ, a. e. עֲשֵׂה שבתך חול וכ׳ make thy Sabbath a week-day (as to expense), and be independent of men. Ib. 56ᵃ שביקש לַעֲשׂוֹת ולא ע׳ he wanted to do (evil), but did not do it. Ber. 17ᵃ (ref. to Ps. CXI, 10) לעוֹשִׂים לשמה ועושים וכ׳ to those who do good for its own sake, but not to those who do it from impure motives; וכל העוֹשֶׂה שלא לשמה וכ׳ whoever does good from impure motives, had better not have been born; a. v. fr.—עֲשֵׂה (do), or מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה positive law; לאֹ תַעֲשֶׂה (do not) prohibitory law, v. לֹא, לַאו, a. מִצְוָה. Keth. 30ᵃ, a. e. חייבי עֲ׳ מצרי ואדומי those guilty of transgressing the law implied in the positive law (limitation) concerning intermarriages with descendants of Egyptian or Edomite converts (Deut. XXIII, 8 sq.).—לאו הבא מכלל עֲ׳, v. לַאו.—ע׳ דמים, or ע׳ (sub. דמים) to value, assess. B. Mets. 69ᵇ לא עֲשָׂאָהּ דמים he did not estimate her (the cow’s) value; ולא עשאה but did he not estimate her value (when he said, thy cow is worth to me thirty denars)? לא עשאה ד׳ מחיים וכ׳ he did not estimate her value as alive, but as dead (how much he would have to pay, if the cow died while in his use). Ib. 62ᵇ צא ועֲשֵׂה עלי כשער וכ׳ go and give me credit for it in accordance with the present market price, and I will furnish it &c. Ib. בדמי חיטיך שעָשִׂיתָ עלי בשלשים וכ׳ as an equivalent for thy wheat for which thou hast charged me with thirty denars, I hold wine for thee; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָשׂוּי; f. עֲשׂוּיָה; pl. עֲשׂוּיִים, עֲשׂוּיִין; עֲשׂוּיוֹת. Ib. הרי חיטיך ע׳ עלי וכ׳ thy wheat is worth to me &c. Tosef. ib. VI, 6 הרי קמה זו ע׳ עליך וכ׳ this quantity of standing grain is charged to thee (I sell thee &c.) at one hundred &c.; ib. הרי גיזיהן של אלו ע׳ וכ׳ I sell thee the wool on these sheep for &c.; a. fr.— Tanḥ. Naso 10; Num. R. s. 11 שלא תהא ע׳ that thou mayest not be forced (v. Pi.) to take an office, v. פַּנְיָיס. —2) to spend time, tarry. Midr. Till. to Ps. XVII, 14 ר׳ שמעון … שע׳ במערה וכ׳ ed. Bub. (oth. ed. טמון) R. S. ben Y. who lived in a cave, … thirteen years. Gen. R. s. 91 (ref. to רדו, Gen. XLII, 2) בישרם שהן עתידין לעשות שם ר"י שנה מנין רד"ו he announced to them that they were to live there two hundred and ten years, the numerical value of r’du; Num. R. s. 13. Gen. R. s. 22 עשה … קיים וכ׳ Abel lived from &c.; a. fr.—Tanḥ. Sh’mini 1 ולא ע׳ אלא אמר וכ׳ and he did not tarry but said &c., i.e. at once he said; a. fr.
    Nif. - נַעֲשֶׂה to be done, made; to become. Ber. 35ᵇ מלאכתן נַעֲשֵׂית ע"י אחרים their work is done through others. B. Mets. 46ᵃ, a. e. מטבע נ׳ חליפין, v. חֲלִיפִים. Pesik. R. s. 33 (ref. to Is. L, 5) לא נַעֲשֵׂיתִי אחור לנבואה I was not behind (any one) in prophecy; a. v. fr.—נ׳ דמים to be valued, priced. B. Mets. l. c.; Kidd. I, 6 כל הנ׳ ד׳ באחר an object upon which a valuation has been set for the purpose of exchange with another object; expl. ib. 28ᵃ כל הנישום וכ׳ the value of which is estimated &c.; a. e.—נעשה כ־ it is to be considered as if, it is as if. Ḥull. 19ᵇ נ׳ כמי ששחט וכ׳ the case is the same as when a gentile begins the slaughtering and an Israelite finishes it. Y. B. Mets. V, 10ᶜ top נ׳ כמשכיר וכ׳ it is to be considered as if he had rented the field to him at a high price; a. fr.
    Hif. - הֶעֱשָׂה to cause to do; to order. B. Bath. 9ᵃ, a. e. גדול המַעֲשֶׂה יותר מן העושה greater is he who causes others to do good than he who does good. Ex. R. s. 35 ליתן שכר למעשה כעושה to reward him who causes a good deed like him who does it. Num. R. s. 7 (ref. to Num. V, 4) מעצמן לא הוצרכו שיַעֲשִׂיאוּם משה וכ׳ ‘so did they’ of their own accord, it did not become necessary for Moses and Aaron to make them do it. Tosef. Pes. VIII, 5 שה׳ את הציבור לעשות וכ׳ (ed. Zuck. שעִישָּׂה, Pi.) he ordered the congregation to celebrate the Second Passover; Tosef. Snh. II, 11 שהֶעֱשׂוּ את הצבור (ed. Zuck. שהֶיעֱשׂוּ) they ordered &c. Y. Yoma VI, 43ᵈ top ראו היך הֶעֱשִׂיא את ישראל לעבודה זרה see how he became the cause for Israelites to commit idolatry (to erect a Temple in Egypt); a. e.
    Pi. - עִישָּׂה same, esp. to force; to enforce. Pesik. R. s. 33 השופט דן … מְעַשֶּׂה את הדין the judge decides the law, and the officer (shoṭer) enforces the law. Y. Snh. I, 18ᵈ bot. ע׳ יחזקיהו לציבור לעשות וכ׳ Hezekiah ordered the congregation to celebrate &c.; Tosef. Pes. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. 6ᵃ ועשית אזהרה לבית דין שיְעַשּׂוּךָ ‘and thou shalt do’ (Deut. XXIII, 24), this is an instruction to the authorities to make thee do it; Y. ib. I, 56ᶜ bot. Keth. 77ᵃ; Y. Gitt. IX, end, 50ᵈ אין מְעַשִּׂין אלא וכ׳ we do not force (a man to divorce his wife) except &c. Ib. ישראל שעִיסּוּ כמעשה גוים if an Israelitish authority forced (divorce) in the way the gentiles do; גוים שעיסו וכ׳ if gentile authorities forced (divorce) in the way Israelites do; a. fr.—Part. pass. מְעוּשֶּׂה. Gitt. IX, 8 גט מע׳ וכ׳ a letter of divorce given under force, if forced by an Israelitish authority, is valid. Ib. 88ᵇ; a. fr.