עֵשָׂו, (b. h.) pr. n. m. Esau, son of Isaac; (gent. noun) Esau (Edom), frequ. a disguise for Rome. Yoma 38ᵇ רשע דר … זה ע׳ a wicked man that dwelt between two righteous men without adopting their doings, that is Esau. Gitt. 57ᵇ (ref. to Gen. XXVII, 22) אין לך … מזרעו של ע׳ there is no successful war in which descendants of Esau have no part. Gen. R. s. 2 ויהי ערב ערבו של ע׳ ‘and it was evening’ (Gen. I, 5), the evening (decline) of Esau (Rome). Koh. R. to V, 7 אם ראית ע׳ בכרך הגדול של רומי עושק וכ׳ when thou seest Esau in the large city of Rome oppressing the poor and robbing the indigent &c.; a. fr.