יִשְׁמָעֵאל (b. h.) pr. n. m. Ishmael, 1) son of Abraham; also (as patron.) the people of I. , Arabs, Bedouins. [Targ. Job XV, 20, Var. in ed. Lag.]—Gen. R. s. 45 אף י׳ באומות I., too, among the nations (was named before he was born, Gen. XVI, 11). B. Bath. 16ᵇ; Gen. R. s. 59 שעשה י׳ תשובה וכ׳ in as much as I. repented of his evil deeds in his (Abraham’s) life-time; a. fr.—Sabb. 11ᵃ תחת י׳ ולא וכ׳ (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 80 a. Rashi a. l.) rather under I. (Arabic dominion) than under Byzantium; a. fr. [Pes. 118ᵇ מלכות י׳ (Ms. M. a. older eds. הרשעה) a censorial change for רומי, Roman government.] —2) I. ben Nathaniah, the murderer of governor Gedaliah. R. Hash. 18ᵇ. Nidd. 61ᵃ; a. e. —3) I. b. Kimḥith, a high priest. Yoma 47ᵃ; Tosef. ib. IV (III), 20, v. יְשֵׁבָב —4) I. b. Piabi or Pâbi, a priest. Tosef. ib. I, 21; Y. ib. III, 40ᵈ top; Bab. ib. 35ᵇ. Sot. IX, 15; a. e. —5) name of several Tannaim, esp. a) I. b. Elisha, redeemed from Roman captivity. Gitt. 58ᵃ. [Ber. 7ᵃ top, prob. his grandfather, a high priest.]—Shebu. II, 5; a. fr.—V. Fr. Darkhé, p. 105 sq. —6) I. son of R. Johanan b. B’roka. B. Kam. X, 2. Tosef. Eduy. II, 4; a. fr.—V. Fr. ib., p. 185 sq.—7) name of several Amoraim. Y. Gitt. I, 43ᶜ top; a. fr.—Y. Yoma III, 40ᵈ bot.—V. Fr. M’bo, p. 108ᵇ, sq.