פִּרְנֵס (enlargement of פָּרַן) to endow, provide, sustain, cultivate. B. Mets. 69ᵇ אֲפַרְנְסֶנָּה I will improve the field, v. פָּרַן. Ex. R. s. 43, end לך פַּרְנְסָהּ ועשה וכ׳ go and improve it, and make a vineyard of it. Keth. V, 2 נותנין … לפַרְנֵס את עצמה a betrothed maiden is given twelve months time … to make her outfit; כך … לפרנס את עצמו so is the man allowed a certain time to prepare himself. Tosef. B. Mets. VII, 6 פַּרְנֵס לי מלאכה וכ׳ provide work for me on thy own property, or give me my wages &c.; a. fr.—Esp. to provide with the necessaries of life; to support (from the charities). B. Bath. 8ᵃ במה אֲפַרְנֶסְךָ on what claim shall I support thee?; פַּרְנְסֵנִי ככלב וכ׳ support me as you would a dog or a raven. Gitt. 61ᵃ מְפַרְנְסִין עניי נכרים וכ׳ we are bound to support the gentile poor equally with the Jewish poor because of ‘the ways of peace’, v. דֶּרֶךְ; Tosef. ib. V (III), 4; a. v. fr.—B. Bath. 14ᵃ פִּירְנַסְתָּה … צא ופַרְנֵס ארון לרחבו thou hast made provision (explained how) to fill up the Ark in its length, go and fill it in its width.
    Hithpa. - הִתְפַּרְנֵס to be provided for, be supported; to support one’s self. Kidd. IV, 14 והן מִתְפַּרְנְסִין שלא בצער and they (beasts and birds) are provided for without any trouble of their own; אינו דין שאֶתְפַּרְנֵס וכ׳ might it not be a proper inference that I (a human being) ought to be sustained without trouble? Keth. 67ᵇ אין לו ואינו רוצה להִתְפּרְנֵס וכ׳ if a person has no means and refuses to be supported (from the charities). Ib. יש לו ואינו ואינו רוצה להתפרנס if a person has means but refuses to supply himself with the necessaries of life (preferring to starve himself). Ber. 28ᵃ אי אתה יודע … מִתְפַּרְנְסִים וכ׳ thou knowest nothing of the trouble of the scholars,—how they support themselves and what they live on. Keth. 68ᵃ הבנות ניזונות וּמִתְפַּרְנְסוֹת וכ׳ daughters must be fed and provided for (clothed) from their father’s estate. Ber. 3ᵇ לכו והִתְפַּרְנְסוּ זה מזה go and support yourselves by dealing with one another; a. v. fr.