יָתוֹם, (b. h.) [by one’s self, cmp. גּוּף, גַּף I,] single, alone, forsaken. Ḥag. 3ᵇ; Mekh. Bo s. 16, a. e. אין הדור י׳ וכ׳ that generation is not forsaken in which &c.—אמן י׳, v. אָמֵן.—Esp.
יָתוֹם, fatherless, orphan, public charge. Meg. 13ᵃ המגדל י׳ וי׳ בתוך ביתו וכ׳ he who rears a male or female orphan in his house, is regarded as the parent. Tosef. Keth. VI, 8 י׳ וי׳ צריכין פרנסה מפרנסין את היתומה וכ׳ if an orphan boy and an orphan girl need public support, we must support the girl first &c.; Keth. 67ᵃ. Taan. 24ᵃ בי׳ וי׳ we were engaged in collecting for an orphaned couple to be married; a. v. fr.—יתומה בחיי האב self-depending in her father’s life-time, i.e. a minor over whom her father has no control, e.g. when he has given her away in marriage, and she being divorced or widowed returns to her paternal home. Yeb. XIII, 6. Keth. 73ᵇ; a. fr.
יָתוֹם, an animal whose mother died during or soon after childbirth. Bekh. IX, 4. Ḥull. 38ᵇ
יָתוֹם, (Law) a minor heir whom the authorities must protect by appointing a guardian to plead his cause &c.; in gen. heir (mostly in the plural).—Pl. יְתוֹמִים, יְתוֹמִין; f. יְתוֹמוֹת. B. Mets. 70ᵃ מעות של י׳ minor heirs’ funds. B. Bath. 124ᵃ שבח שהשביחו י׳ לאחר וכ׳ improvements which the heirs made after their father’s death (before division). Arakh. VI, 1 (21ᵇ) שום הי׳ the assessment for public sale of minors’ (heirs’) property which the court sells to satisfy the decedent’s creditors. Gitt. V, 1; a. fr.—Yeb. XIII, 7 שתי אחיות י׳ two orphan sisters; a. fr.
