קָלִנְדַּס, c. (calendæ, accus.) kalends, the first day of the Roman month, (applied only to the kalendæ Januariæ) the Roman New Year. Ab. Zar. I, 3 (8ᵃ) קלנדס Y. ed. (Mish. a. Bab. קלנדא). Y. ib. 39ᶜ top ק׳ אדם וכ׳ Adam instituted the kalends; כיון דחמא … ק׳ קלון וכ׳ when he observed that the days were growing longer, he exclaimed, kalendas &c., v. דיאו. Ib. ק׳ יינובריס, v. יָינוּבְרִיס. Ib. ק׳ אסורה לכל on the Roman New Year it is forbidden to deal with all gentiles; [oth. opin.] אין אסורה אלא לפלחין בה it is forbidden to deal with those only who worship on it; Bab. ib. 8ᵃ; Tosef. ib. I, 4 קלנדא ed. Zuck. (Var. ה …, ס …). Ab. Zar. l. c. ק׳ שמנה ימים אחר וכ׳ the New Year takes place eight days after the solstice, the Saturnalia eight days before the solstice; Y. ib. l. c. (corr. acc.). Bab. ib. l. c. רומי שעשתה ק׳ וכ׳ (Alf. עיר) if a Roman city (as Cæsaræa) introduced the Roman New Year, and all the townships near her are subject to her rule, are these townships forbidden or not?; a. e.