HALAKHAH: ⁹“For what was the disbursement used,” etc. For what reason were the times of wood by the priests and the people to be counted¹⁰This paragraph is Halakhah Ta`aniot4:6 (ת), also in Megillah1:2 (70c l. 1 ff.; מ). In fact, ג simply notes: “one repeats from Ta`aniot up to ‘and were fasting but not completing.’ ”? Only that at the time when Israel returned from the Diaspora and did not find wood in the chamber, those came forward and volunteered wood from their own, donated it to the public, and used it to offer public sacrifices. The prophets among them stipulated that even if the chamber was full of wood and those came and offered and volunteered wood from their own, that the sacrifice should only be brought first from theirs¹¹Babli Ta`anit28a.. Rebbi Aḥa said, this is Rebbi Yose’s, since Rebbi Yose said, also he may volunteer as unpaid trustee. Rebbi Yose<sup>12</sup>This is R. Yose the fifth generation Amora. The reading of B (and M), R. Assi (= Yasa), is impossible since R. Ila was a student, not a teacher, of R. Yasa. in the name of Rebbi Ila, it is the opinion of everybody. Where do they disagree? About the body of the offering. But for enablers of the offering everybody agrees that a private offering can be turned into public offering<sup>13</sup>While holding that the firewood is ancillary, not intrinsic, to the sacrifice, they still would have to require that the two daily logs required before any sacrifices are brought to the altar (Lev. 6:5)to be paid for from the public purse.. It was stated, a woman who made a coat for her son has to surrender it to the public<sup>14</sup>Since the prescribed garments of a priest are part of the establishment of the Tabernacle (Ex. 28:40–43), they must be public property. Babli Yoma35b.. Rebbi Aḥa said, this is Rebbi Yose’s, since Rebbi Yose said, also he may volunteer as unpaid trustee. Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Ila, it is the opinion of everybody. Where do they disagree? About the body of the offering. But for enablers of the offering everybody agrees that a private offering can be turned into public offering.. A baraita disagrees with Rebbi Yose<sup>15</sup>The Amora, speaking in the name of R. Ila.: <sup>16</sup>Tosephta Ta`aniot3:6.“Those days are observed at the time of sacrifices and not at the time of sacrifices; Rebbi Yose says, they are observed only at the time of sacrifices.¹⁷The days enumerated on which certain families celebrated their offerings of firewood according to the Tanna R. Yose are treated as days of sacrificing. Therefore at least for him, firewood is part of the sacrifice, not ancillary, and may be given from private property as public sacrifice.” Also from the following¹⁶Tosephta Ta`aniot3:6.: “Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Ṣadoq said, we were of the descendants of Senaah ben Benjamin. When the Ninth of Av fell on a Sabbath, we postponed it to the end of the Sabbath and were fasting but not completing.¹⁸Their holiday was on the 10th of Av. Since the 9th of Av is the day of remembering the destruction of the Temple, his story must be dated after the destruction, when there were no longer any sacrifices. If the family holiday is so important that one pushes aside the fasting for the 9th of Av, it must be that even for the majority the offering of firewood was the equivalent of a sacrifice, not an ancillary act. Therefore R. Aḥa is justified.”

“The `omer<sup>1</sup>The offering of barley grain on the 16th of Nisan to permit consumption of grain from the new harvest; Lev. 23:9–14., and the Two Breads<sup>2</sup>The two leavened breads on Pentecost, Lev. 23:17.., and the shew-bread.” The Mishnah<sup>19</sup>The part of the Mishnah which states that the watchmen over grain for the `omer are paid from public funds. If it were possible to import the grain during a sabbatical year, the expense would be unnecessary and therefore forbidden. is Rebbi Ismael’s, since Rebbi Ismael said, the `omer is not brought from Syria<sup>20</sup>Syria in matters of religious law is the area which was part of David’s empire but not permanently settled by one of the Twelve Tribes. The rules of the Land do not apply biblically but the land is not ritually impure. Therefore grain for use in the Temple could be bought from there.. There, we have stated:<sup>21</sup>Mishnah Menaḥot8:1. The sacrifices referred to are offerings of flour and wine. “All private and public sacrifices come from the Land and from outside the Land, from new or old [grain], except for `omer and the Two Breads, which only come from new grain²²This is not obvious since the `omer permits the profane use of new grain also from outside the Land and the Two Breads permit the use of new wheat in the Tabernacle which according to the Mishnah includes wheat imported from Syria. While the Mishnah states that grain is acceptable from outside the Land, this refers to grain from outside the Land on both sides of the Jordan and Syria only if it remained impervious to the impurity of Gentile lands (i. e., if it was guarded from any contact with water or fluids whose status is like water in this respect.) and from the Land.” Rebbi Ḥuna in the name of Rebbi Jeremiah, this is Rebbi Ismael’s, since Rebbi Ismael said, the `omer is not brought from Syria²³And certainly not from impure lands.. There, we have stated²⁴Mishnah Kelim1:6.: “There are ten levels of holiness. The Land of Israel is holier than other lands; and what is its holiness? That one brings from it the `omer, first fruits, and the Two Breads, which cannot be from other lands.” Rebbi Ḥuna in the name of Rebbi Jeremiah, this is Rebbi Ismael’s, since Rebbi Ismael said, the `omer is not brought from Syria. There, we have stated²⁵Mishnah Ševi`it1:5.: “Rebbi Ismael says, since sowing is a voluntary act, also harvesting is a voluntary act. This excludes harvesting the `omer, which is a commandment²⁶This refers to Ex. 34:21: Six days you may work but on the Seventh Day you must rest, from ploughing and harvesting you must rest. According to R. Ismael while this forbids any optional harvesting on the Sabbath, it implies that harvesting required by a religious commandment must be performed on the Sabbath. (Cf. Ševi`it Chapter 1, Notes 43 and 2.)
ג adds here the one-sentence Halakhah Ševi`it1:5 (Note 44)..” Who is the Tanna of “the watchmen for aftergrowth in the sabbatical year take their wages from the disbursement from the lodge”? Rebbi Ismael²⁰Syria in matters of religious law is the area which was part of David’s empire but not permanently settled by one of the Twelve Tribes. The rules of the Land do not apply biblically but the land is not ritually impure. Therefore grain for use in the Temple could be bought from there.. Rebbi Yose said, it is everybody’s opinion. If one would not find in Syria,.one would bring from the aftergrowth in the Land of Israel²⁷While not needed every year, in a year of drought in Syria it might be obvious that one has to look for any available grain in the Land.. Could one sow from the start for the `omer<sup>28</sup>Since the verse Lev. 25:3 introducing the Sabbatical year combines sowing and harvesting, one could make the point that only voluntary sowing in a Sabbatical is forbidden, therefore obligatory sowing leading to obligatory harvesting is permitted.? Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada asked before Rebbi Mana, would he not take the fistful for leftovers than cannot be eaten<sup>29</sup>Only a fistful of the grain brought for the `omer(a tenth of an ephah, about 3.8 l) is burned on the altar, the leftover has to be consumed by the priests in the Sanctuary. But produce sown in a Sabbatical is forbidden; the leftover of the flour could not be consumed.? He said to him, it has a status like the five kinds which can be brought in impurity but may not be eaten in impurity³⁰The leftover has to be burned. The same would happen if all available grain and all available personnel were impure, Mishnah Pesaḥim7:4..

How does he do it³¹The problem is that the sheqalim are Temple property which can only be used to buy sacrifices. If the Temple administrator would pay workers with these monies, he would be guilty of me`ilah, larceny of sacred property.? He takes coins from the money changer and gives them to the harvesters and the watchmen before the `omer is presented. He brings coins from the disbursement from the lodge and redeems them for it³²The `omer is presented as flour. Therefore the value of the grain and the cost of all labor used in the preparation of the offering can be added and the sheqalim coins redeemed on the total value of the sacrifice. The redeemed coins can then be used to liquidate the debt incurred at the banker’s.; then it is in order³³The reading of B, Rebbi Tibḥi ben Rebbi Yose, seems to be a grotesque misreading.. Rebbi Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Abba: Any which he gives are its coins from the start³⁴The red cow whose ashes purify the impurity of the dead, Num. 19.. It was stated: The same is the case with the stone-masons³⁵The scapegoat of the day of Atonement.. He takes coins from the money changer and gives them to the quarry workers and the stone-cutters before it is fixed in the row³⁶The strip of purple wool, together with a branch of cedar and a hyssop, which the Cohen has to throw into the pyre of the burning Cow, Num. 19:6.. Then he brings coins from the disbursement from the lodge and redeems them for it; then it is in order. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun in the name of Samuel: Any which he gives are its coins from the start.

MISHNAH: The Cow³⁴The red cow whose ashes purify the impurity of the dead, Num. 19., the he-goat which is sent away³⁵The scapegoat of the day of Atonement., and the shiny strip³⁶The strip of purple wool, together with a branch of cedar and a hyssop, which the Cohen has to throw into the pyre of the burning Cow, Num. 19:6. come from the money disbursed from the lodge³⁷These are explicitly prescribed by biblical verses.. The ramp for the Cow³⁸Leading directly from the Temple to the Mount of Olives., the ramp for the he-goat which is sent away³⁹The ramp built to shield the scapegoat while it is lead away, Yoma6:4., the strip bound on its horns⁴⁰Mishnah Yoma4:2, 6:6., the water canal⁴¹The aqueduct which supplies water to the Temple. The need for a water supply is implicit in the biblical rules for the Tabernacle but is never explicitly mentioned., the city wall and its towers⁴²By biblical rules, family sacrifices may be consumed “in the camp.” The “camp” of the Temple is the walled city of Jerusalem. Therefore the integrity of the walls are a requirement of the Temple service and the necessary expenditures may be made from the Temple tax., and all needs of the city, come from the leftovers in the lodge⁴³The items mentioned in this sentence are all necessary or customary parts of the Temple establishment, but are not mentioned in biblical verses. They are paid for from monies not directly used for the service of prior years.. Abba Shaul says, the High Priests build the ramp for the Cow at their own expense.
What did one do with the leftover in the lodge⁴⁷What is left from the Temple tax at the end of the fiscal year.? One buys with it wine, oil, and fine flour,⁴⁸For public sacrifices these are paid for from the coins disbursed from the lodge. Wine, oil, and flour for private sacrifices are bought from the Temple as explained in the next Chapter. R. Ismael holds that the original funds for this operation come from the surplus of the Temple tax; R. Aqiba must hold that this is a self-financing non-profit operation. and the gain is the Temple’s, the words of Rebbi Ismael. Rebbi Aqiba says, one gains neither for the Temple nor funds for the poor⁴⁹He holds that the Temple may not be involved in commercial transaction. He objects to investing funds destined for the poor not only since avoidance of loss is more important than possible gain but also that money for the poor must be available at all times for possible emergencies..
What did they use the leftover of the disbursement⁷³If money was left in the boxes into which it was taken from the lodge at the time when new money was disbursed, the amount of new money was not reduced but the old money was put into a separate account to be used for other needs of the Temple. for? Gold sheets coating for the Holiest of Holies. Rebbi Ismael said, the leftover of produce⁷⁴The gain made by the Temple in providing flour, oil, and wine, for private sacrifices. is for adornment of the altar⁷⁵It is given to the gift account to buy elevation sacrifices in times when the altar otherwise would have been idle., the leftover of the disbursement is for Service vessels⁷⁶The vessels used in sacrificial acts.. Rebbi Aqiba says, the leftover of the disbursement is for adornment of the altar, the leftover of the libations⁷⁷As explained in Halakhah 5, the income from the trading arrangements with the suppliers to the Temple. is for Service vessels. Rebbi Ḥanania the executive officer of the Cohanim says, the leftover of the libations is for adornment of the altar, the leftover of the disbursement is for Service vessels. Neither of them did agree about produce⁷⁸R. Ḥanania agrees with R. Aqiba that the Temple has to provide the produce at cost and cannot make a gain on this service..